kashmir map

All Civil Services Examination aspirants out there! Accordingly, Kashmir would be derived from either kashyapa-mir (Kashyapa's Lake) or kashyapa-meru (Kashyapa's Mountain).[10]. Kashmir was long a stronghold of Buddhism. Almost the whole brunt of official corruption is borne by the Muslim masses. Younghusband, Francis and Molyneux, Edward 1917. People in Jammu speak Hindi, Punjabi and Dogri, the Vale of Kashmir speaks Kashmiri and the sparsely inhabited Ladakh region speaks Tibetan and Balti. [1][2], The word Kashmir was derived from the ancient Sanskrit language and was referred to as káśmīra. He later became a prolific translator who helped take Buddhism to China.

In Ladakh, they believe in Bon which is an animistic religion in which the forces of nature are worshipped. it is still spelled this way. (2005). The region is almost uninhabited, and has no permanent settlements.

[70] For almost a century until the census, a small Hindu elite had ruled over a vast and impoverished Muslim peasantry. He was also considered an important musician, poet, dramatist, exegete, theologian, and logician[33][34] – a polymathic personality who exercised strong influences on Indian culture. In the last census of British India in 1941, the total population of Kashmir and Jammu (which as a result of the second world war, was estimated from the 1931 census) was 3,945,000. Muslim ulama, such as Mir Sayyid Ali Hamadani, arrived from Central Asia to proselytize in Kashmir and their efforts converted thousands of Kashmiris to Islam[52] and Hamadani's son also convinced Sikander Butshikan to enforce Islamic law. They built Persian water-gardens in Srinagar, along the shores of Dal Lake, with cool and elegantly proportioned terraces, fountains, roses, jasmine and rows of chinar trees. In addition, Indian corn, wheat, barley and oats were also grown. [47][48] Kashmiri historian Jonaraja, in his Dvitīyā Rājataraṅginī mentioned Shah Mir was from the country of Panchagahvara (identified as the Panjgabbar valley between Rajouri and Budhal), and his ancestors were Kshatriya, who converted to Islam. Later, after the death in 1338 of Udayanadeva, the brother of Sūhadeva, he was able to assume the kingship himself and thus laid the foundation of permanent Muslim rule in Kashmir. The Pearson Indian History Manual for the UPSC Civil Services Page 104 "However, the situation changed with the ending of the Hindu rule and founding of the Shahmiri dynasty by Shahmir or Dhams-ud-din (1339–1342). harvnb error: no target: CITEREFLeslie2003 (. Hence, it was anticipated that the maharaja would accede to Pakistan when the British paramountcy ended on 14–15 August. Of these, the total Muslim population was 2,997,000 (75.97%), the Hindu population was 808,000 (20.48%), and the Sikh 55,000 (1.39%).[77]. [45], Queen Kota Rani was medieval Hindu ruler of Kashmir, ruling until 1339. As the Kashmiris had suffered under the Afghans, they initially welcomed the new Sikh rulers. These are populous regions. Viscount Louis Mountbatten, the last Viceroy of British India, stayed on in independent India from 1947 to 1948, serving as the first Governor-General of the Union of India. Geographically part of the Tibetan Plateau, Aksai Chin is referred to as the Soda Plain. "Kashmir Dispute: An International Law Perspective", National Institute of Pakistan Studies. In the 1901 Census of the British Indian Empire, the population of the princely state of Kashmir and Jammu was 2,905,578. During the ancient and medieval periods, Kashmir was an important centre for the development of a Hindu-Buddhist syncretism, in which Madhyamaka and Yogachara were blended with Shaivism and Advaita Vedanta. [84], A Muslim shawl-making family shown in Cashmere shawl manufactory, 1867, chromolithograph, William Simpson, A group of Pundits, or Brahmin priests, in Kashmir, photographed by an unknown photographer in the 1890s, Brokpa women from Kargil, northern Ladakh, in local costumes. He became a wealthy and influential noble in the Sikh court.[65]. The devastating attack on Kashmir in 1320 by the Mongol leader. 5.24%), and in the frontier wazarats of Ladhakh and Gilgit only 94 out of every 10,000 persons (0.94%). It is expected to link Kashmir to the rest of India after the construction of the railway line from Katra to Banihal is completed. Today, the term encompasses a larger area that includes the Indian-administered territories of Jammu and Kashmir and Ladakh, the Pakistani-administered territories of Azad Kashmir and Gilgit-Baltistan, and Chinese-administered territories of Aksai Chin and the Trans-Karakoram Tract. [67][71] Driven into docility by chronic indebtedness to landlords and moneylenders, having no education besides, nor awareness of rights,[67] the Muslim peasants had no political representation until the 1930s.[71]. The main part of the text forms a dialogue between Vashistha and Rama, interchanged with numerous short stories and anecdotes to illustrate the content. With its administrative centre in the town of Gilgit, the Northern Areas cover an area of 72,971 square kilometres (28,174 sq mi) and have an estimated population approaching 1 million (10 lakhs). "[74][1], The eastern region of the former princely state of Kashmir is also involved in a boundary dispute that began in the late 19th century and continues into the 21st. Located in the northern part of the country, Jammu & Kashmir is one of India's most popular travel destinations. The Ancient Greeks called the region Kasperia, which has been identified with Kaspapyros of Hecataeus of Miletus (apud Stephanus of Byzantium) and Kaspatyros of Herodotus (3.102, 4.44). Kashmir. [12], An alternative etymology derives the name from the name of the Vedic sage Kashyapa who is believed to have settled people in this land. Jammu and Azad Kashmir lie outside Pir Panjal range,[clarification needed] and are under Indian and Pakistani control respectively. Disclaimer: All efforts have been made to make this image accurate. [39], In the 10th century Mokshopaya or Moksopaya Shastra, a philosophical text on salvation for non-ascetics (moksa-upaya: 'means to release'), was written on the Pradyumna hill in Srinagar. The region is divided amongst three countries in a territorial dispute: Pakistan controls the northwest portion (Northern Areas and Kashmir), India controls the central and southern portion (Jammu and Kashmir) and Ladakh, and the People's Republic of China controls the northeastern portion (Aksai Chin and the Trans-Karakoram Tract). "[68] Under the Hindu rule, Muslims faced hefty taxation, discrimination in the legal system and were forced into labor without any wages. [29] According to tradition, Adi Shankara opened the southern door by defeating in debate all the scholars there in all the various scholastic disciplines such as Mīmāṃsā, Vedanta and other branches of Hindu philosophy; he ascended the throne of Transcendent wisdom of that temple. By the mid-1950s the Chinese army had entered the north-east portion of Ladakh. India controls 101,338 km2 (39,127 sq mi) of the disputed territory, Pakistan controls 85,846 km2 (33,145 sq mi), and the People's Republic of China controls the remaining 37,555 km2 (14,500 sq mi). According to The Imperial Gazetteer of India: "Gulab Singh contrived to hold himself aloof till the battle of Sobraon (1846), when he appeared as a useful mediator and the trusted advisor of Sir Henry Lawrence. The Indo-Pakistani War of 1947 established the rough boundaries of today, with Pakistan holding roughly one-third of Kashmir, and India one-half, with a dividing line of control established by the United Nations. All maps, graphics, flags, photos and original descriptions © 2020 worldatlas.com. The two countries have fought several declared wars over the territory.

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